The musculoskeletal system is formed through the connection of bones, ligaments, cartilage, muscle, and tendons. Each of these structures, however, is susceptible to injury or diseases. Our physical therapists use a wide variety of treatments to manage these problems. Here you will learn more about the common medical conditions that are treated, as well as rehabilitation techniques specific to each disorder.
ULTRASOUND
Ultrasound is a name given to sound waves, which are of such high frequency that, they are not heard by the human ear. Ultrasound waves are produced by means of a Piezo-electric crystal. When an alternating current is applied to this crystal, distortions of its molecular structure occur, and it vibrates, producing mechanical waves identical to sound waves.
Ultrasound is a name given to sound waves, which are of such high frequency that, they are not heard by the human ear. Ultrasound waves are produced by means of a Piezo-electric crystal. When an alternating current is applied to this crystal, distortions of its molecular structure occur, and it vibrates, producing mechanical waves identical to sound waves.
The size of the crystal and the frequency of the current determine the frequency of the wave. These waves require an elastic medium, through which to travel usually gel, lotion or water. As they travel, they alternately compress (condensation phase) and release (rarefaction phase) the molecules of the gel, passing energy through them.
Sound
waves are capable of reflection, penetration, and absorption. These waves
produce heat and when applied to human tissues are absorbed. Absorption is
greatest at tissue contact. For example, much heat is produced between tendon
and over lying muscle and at the periosteum (surface of the bone).
Ultra sound penetration is the deepest of all heat modalities with significant heating 5cm below the surface. The greatest rise in temperature is in tissues with a high protein content, such as muscle and nerve. There is very little temperature increases in the adipose (fat) tissues.
In addition to the familiar effects produced by the rise in temperature of ultra sound treatment, there is non-thermal effects resulting from vibration of the molecules:
- Separation of collagen fibers with resultant increase in the elasticity of connective tissue, such as in joint capsule, ligament, tendon, adhesions and scars.
- Increases the absorption through tissue, which increases healing ability.
- Some of the advantages of ultrasound include:
- Production of significant temperature changes deep within the injured tissues to increase blood circulation and promote healing.
- A very local treatment with few generalized effects to the rest of the body, with application times usually short.
Indications for ultrasound treatment include soft tissue shortening (joint / tendon or muscle shortening, scarring), subacute (24-48 hours after injury) and chronic inflammation. Painful conditions such as muscle guarding, neuroma or trigger areas caused by strains/ sprains, tendonitis or muscle fiber tearing, and…believe it or not warts.
In closing, please note that there are also contraindications to all medical treatment so consult your doctor or physical therapist before using any modality or advise!
Knowledge is prevention
